In a significant move to counter China’s growing assertiveness in the South China Sea, the Philippines has extended an invitation to India to join the “Squad” alliance—a strategic grouping currently comprising the United States, Japan, Australia, and the Philippines. This initiative aims to bolster regional security and uphold a rules-based international order in the Indo-Pacific region.
The Genesis of the ‘Squad’ Alliance
The ‘Squad’ emerged as an informal security partnership focusing on defense cooperation, intelligence sharing, and joint military operations. Its primary objective is to address the challenges posed by China’s expansive maritime claims and militarization activities in the South China Sea. The alliance has conducted joint maritime exercises within the Philippines’ exclusive economic zone (EEZ) to enhance interoperability among member nations.
Philippines’ Call for India’s Inclusion
General Romeo S. Brawner, Chief of Staff of the Philippine Armed Forces, emphasized the need to expand the ‘Squad’ by including India and South Korea. He highlighted the shared concerns over China’s “illegal, coercive, and disruptive” tactics, including the construction of militarized artificial islands. General Brawner stated, “We find commonality with India because we have a common enemy.”
India’s Strategic Engagement
India has been deepening its defense ties with the Philippines, notably through the sale of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles. In April 2025, the Philippines received its second batch of these missiles, enhancing its coastal defense capabilities. Additionally, India anticipates a $200 million deal to supply short-range Akash missiles to the Philippines, reflecting a growing defense partnership.
Indian naval deployments have also increased in the region. In May 2024, Indian Navy ships, including INS Shakti and INS Delhi, visited Manila and participated in joint exercises with the Philippine Navy, signaling India’s commitment to regional security.
Regional and Global Implications
The expansion of the ‘Squad’ to include India and South Korea could significantly enhance the alliance’s surveillance and response capabilities, making it more challenging for Beijing to operate unchallenged in contested waters. Japan has expressed support for strengthening security cooperation with India and South Korea in the Indo-Pacific, emphasizing the importance of a multi-layered network of alliances to counter growing security threats.
Conclusion
The Philippines’ invitation to India to join the ‘Squad’ alliance underscores the shifting dynamics in the Indo-Pacific region. As nations seek to counterbalance China’s assertiveness, India’s potential inclusion could play a pivotal role in shaping a collaborative security framework aimed at ensuring peace and stability in the South China Sea.